In 2013 the AU adopted Agenda 2063 as the continent’s strategic framework for sustainable development and economic growth. The goals and aspirations enshrined in Agenda 2063 complement those of the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Nuclear science and technology have the potential to contribute directly to the achievement of the objectives of both these initiatives. This policy insight outlines the current state of the use of nuclear technology in Africa, including its application outside of civil electricity production. In particular, it focuses on the healthcare and agriculture sectors to show how the peaceful use of nuclear energy can be enhanced as a driver for Africa’s development and the realising of the aspirations of Agenda 2063 and the SDGs. It also emphasises the importance of key African legal commitments to the peaceful use of nuclear energy. While there has been significant progress in the use of nuclear technology in Africa, a more sustainable and coordinated approach to develop the continent’s nuclear sector is required.
