“This paper provides an overview of the historic and contemporary sources of conflict in Liberia, including those surrounding the ballot box. The following sections highlight some of the specific long-term peacebuilding challenges facing the United Nations Mission in Liberia –specifically: the composition and corruption of the Transitional Government and the marginalization of civil society from the political sphere; the problem of the internally displaced; an incomplete rehabilitation and reintegration process for ex-combatants; and the issue of Charles Taylor. The authors stress the frailty of the Liberian peace process leading up to the elections, and advocate for a redoubling of international efforts and resources to address these highlighted issues.”