The effects of climate change on agriculture are severe, and one of the most significant emerging challenges to household livelihoods in Africa. As such, it is imperative that efforts to address agriculture in the context of food security and rural development take climate change into consideration. The main food crops grown in Mozambique include tuber crops such as cassava and sweet potato; cereal crops such as maize, rice, sorghum, and pearl millet; and root and grain legume crops such as beans. Livestock production is the predominant agricultural activity throughout Mozambique and consists mostly of cattle, goats, and poultry. Smallholder farmers dominate the agriculture sector and utilize 99% of family labor. CSA is critical for food security and development. It is an approach that can help reduce the negative impacts of climate change and can increase the adaptive capacity of farming communities to long-term climatic trends. Uptake of CSA practices and technologies by small-scale farmers is significantly hampered by low access to knowledge and technology, high investment costs, and limited access to credit. A recent survey revealed that less than half of smallholder farmers were adopting CSA approaches in Mozambique
