This policy brief analyzes recent trends in horticultural production and trade in Tanzania. It aims to appraise contemporary understandings of market dynamics which are key to informing competitive trade policy practices as well as implementation of Tanzania’s third Five-Year Development Plan 2021/22 – 2025/26 which prioritizes the development of a competitive economy and the transformation of livelihoods. Analysis draws on secondary data from multiple credible sources to arrive at recommendations for enhancing horticulture’s trade competitiveness in Tanzania.