This study sets out to determine the explanatory factors of food insecurity gap between female-headed households (FHs) and male-headed households (MHs) in Côte d’Ivoire. Using data from the Household Living Standards Survey in Côte d’Ivoire, which the National Institute of Statistics (INS) conducted in 2015, and the inequality decomposition method developed by Oaxaca and Blinder (1973), the study fractions the food insecurity gap between male and female household heads according to explainable characteristics on the other, and according to some other unexplained characteristics. The results show that demographic variables such as household size, single and widow status, and a rural area of residence essentially explain the food insecurity gap between FHs and MHs in Côte d’Ivoire.