The central premise of this study is that violent conflict is the primary binding constraint to economic growth, and an obstacle to transition from fragility to stability in South Sudan. The study looks at the determinants of growth, and then applies the Growth Diagnostics Framework (GDF) to support the central premise of this study. Two key hypotheses underpin the central premise of this research: (1) Violent conflict has constrained investment in South Sudan during the period 2012-2016; and (2) Violent conflict continues to weaken institutions and capacities of the State to provide safety and economic opportunities for sustainable livelihoods in South Sudan