This report examines the smuggling networks facilitating irregular migration from the Horn of
Africa to countries in the Arabian Peninsula, also referred to as the Gulf. In addition to analysing
the structure and modus operandi of migrant smuggling networks, the author considers the
extent to which these networks are involved in other forms of organised criminal activity, such
as arms and narcotics trafficking. The report concludes with recommendations for policymakers
and stakeholders operating in the Horn of Africa and Yemen.
