Social protection is situated at the heart of attaining the Global Agenda 2030’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and Africa’s Agenda 2063. This synthesis reviews the institutions, policies, laws, implementation plans and evidence that are aligned to support social protection in Uganda. Evidence shows that there are many vulnerabilities within the economy and that females are at a greater disadvantage than males. Hence, there is a need for multi-faceted interventions from both state and non-state actors. The funds allocated to social protection in Uganda are still small and insufficient. Actions taken by the institutions responsible for spearheading social protection are not adequate, as vulnerability is still high and uncoordinated interventions continue to proceed with no operational guidelines. This report provides an evidence review, a survey of supporting policy and regulatory frame works, an overview of actors, and a breakdown of the current and future streams of financing for social protection in Uganda. The purpose of this synthesis is to provide policy makers and implementors with a single report that combines all these issues together and also identifies gaps for action.