The Horn of Africa has long suffered a plethora of authoritarian regimes, social and political unrest, civil and interstate wars and catastrophic famine. The selection of Mr Abiy Ahmed as the new Prime Minister of Ethiopia ushered in a new era that presents opportunities of political, social and economic reforms. Due to the regions history of ethnic violence, territorial disputes and trust deficiency, any reforms should be well planned, firstly addressing the issues of ethnic clashes and intra/inter country border disputes in the region.