“Current negotiations over special and differential treatment (SDT) in the World Trade Organisation (WTO) are rather complex, and fraught with all manner of difficulties. Arguably only those involved in these negotiations really understand the state of play; therefore this article does not set out to provide an update. First, we explain why the GATT was established. Then the broad evolution of SDT is considered. We then outline some reasons why SDT is important and conclude by outlining some possible outcomes of the Cancun ministerial in light of trade-offs potentially linked to SDT and the implications thereof for sub-Saharan Africa.”