“The key insight is that the education and training system must follow the country’s demography in making a transition from quantity to quality. Rapid growth in the numbers of pupils and students in the education system during most of the twentieth century made quality improvements very difficult. This position has now changed and resources for education can be applied more readily to improvements in quality. It is vital that this shift takes place. Ironically, children and young people are actually becoming a relatively scarcer resource in South Africa and opportunities to build up high levels of human capital in them need to be taken, in their own interests and the interests of national economic growth.”